
Gass- 
Book 






OFFICIAL DONATION. 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION 



OF THE 



UNITED STATES. 



THE ADDITIONS MADE TO THE TERRITORY OF THE THIRTEEN COLONIES AND ITS 
TRANSFORMATION INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE ADDITIONS WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER 
AND PRESENT CONDITIONS IN THAT AREA. 



[From^the Summary op Commerce and Finance for June, 1901.] 



Treasury Department, 

Bureau of Statistics. 



O. P. AUSTIN, 

Chief of Bureom. 






TEKE1T0KIAL EXPANSION 



OF THE 



UNITED STATES. 



THE ADDITIONS MADE TO THE TERRITORY OF THE THIRTEEN COLONIES AND ITS 
TRANSFORMATION INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE ADDITIONS WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER 
AND PRESENT CONDITIONS IN THAT AREA. 



[From the Summary of Commerce and Finance foh June, 1901.] 



Treasury Department. 

Bureau of Statistics 



O. P. AUSTIN, 

< %ief of JBureau. 



■ •••••;.;••.;••;••■ 

• • : • . • . . • . . • 
• •• ••■ . •• ••• . . :.. • 






V* 






CONTENTS 



TERRITORIAL, EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Page. 

Territorial Expansion of the United States 971 

Additions to the territory of the United States, 1S00-19OO 971 

A tea and population of the United States 972 

Outline history of the Louisiana purchase and its development 972 

Transformation of the Louisiana purchase into States and Territi iries 976 

Historical sketch of the State of Texas 980 

The Mexican cession 982 

California 982 

Historical sketch of the Oregon Territory 984 

Transformation of the Mexican cessii in and Oregon Territory into States 984 

Total area of the original thirteen Stales as defined by the peace treaty of 1783 and its distribution into States 986 

Statistics of States of the Union organized from acquired territory 988 

Illustrations. 

Maps showing additions to original area and transformation into States and Territories 97M, 975, -'77, 

979, 981,983, 985, 987, 989, 991 . 993, 995, 997, 999. 1001, 1003, 1005 

m 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES, 



The approaching centennial celebration of the Louisiana Purchase, to be followed by a similar recognition of the great exploring 
expedition which resulted in extending the control of the United States to the Pacific coast at the northwest, suggests the presentatii in 
of some data showing the various additions to the original territory of the United States, and the steps by which all of its area has been 
transformed into the present political divisions which form the United States of America. 

There have been twelve additions to the original territory of the Union, including Alaska, the Hawaiian, Philippine, and Samoan 
islands and Guam, in the Pacific, and Porto Rico and Pine Island, in the West Indies; and the total area of the United States, including 
the noncontiguous territory, is now fully five times that of the original thirteen colonies. The series of maps which follow show each of 
these additions to the original territory, also the steps by which the original territory and that added at the various dates v.. 
formed first into Territories and then into the States as they now exist. In attempting to present to the eye by a series of maps a 
chronological history of the transition from the original territory of about 700,000 square miles to the present area of 3,770,951 sq 
miles, and from the thirteen original colonies to more, than fifty political divisions, only the important steps can be presented, ami 
many comparatively unimportant changes in boundary lines must necessarily be omitted. 

The maps which follow show in outline the territory claimed by the thirteen colonies at the beginning of the war of the 
Revolution; the additional territory included within the boundaries agreed upon between the united colonies and Great Britain at the 
close of that war; the cession of a part of the territory of the colonies to the common union; the additions to this common territory 
made by the Louisiana, the Florida, the Mexican, and the Gadsden purchases, the Texas annexation, the settlement of the Oregi >n 
claim, the Alaska purchase, and the more recent additions of noncontiguous territory, and, chronologically, the transition of these 
various areas into the States and Territories now existing. It is proper to add that the boundaries claimed by the various colonies prior to 
and at the close of the war of the Revolution frequently intersected and overlapped each other, so that certain areas, especially in the 
Ohio Valley, were claimed by more than one of the colonies. It was largely due to these conflicting claims that the colonies decide.! to 
obviate the possibility of discord anil internal conflict by mutually ceding to the common union that part of the territory in which 1 1 
conflicting boundary lines overlapped each other. It has not been practicable, in presenting in the first map of the series the outline of 
the thirteen colonies, t show all of these conflicting boundary lines, but only to indicate those most generally accepted. Nor has it 
been practical ' ' determine accurately the area of the original thirteen colonies. The census of 1790 gave the total area at that time 
at 827,844 square miles, but this included the area added to the original territory of the thirteen colonies by the treaty of 1783, in which 
Great Britain ceded to them certain territory at the Northwest and Southwest not originally 'within their boundaries, but which they 
then claimed by posstodion and otherwise, at the termination of the war of the Revolution. 

The additions to the territory of the United States subsequent to the peace treaty with Great Britain of 1783 are shown by the 
following table, prepared by the General Land Office of the Interior Department: 

Additions to the Territory of the United States from 1800 to 1900. 



TERRITORIAL DIVISION. 


Year. 


Area added. 


Purchase 
price. 




1803 
1819 
1845 
1846 

IMS 

1850 

1867 
1897 
1898 
1898 

1899 
1899 

1901 


Sqiiare miles. 
875,025 
70,107 
389, 795 

623,802 

( 3 ) 
S.2U 

599, 446 
6,740 

:;,r.uu 

L76 

li::,|-.im 
7:: 
68 


Dollars. 

15,000,000 

'6,489,768 












- 18,260,000 
10,000,000 

7,200,000 
























20,000,000 






100,000 


Total 


2,937,613 


87,039,768 







ilnclui merits. 

■ Ofwhich i m payment of claims of American i ilnsl Mexico. 

i exas amounting to Lin the 

column of area added, because it became a part of the area of the United 
with the admission of Texas. 



971 



972 



TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



[September, 



The following table, published by the United States Census Office in May, 1901, shows the gross area and population of the United 
States at each of the decennial censuses from 1790 to 1900, exclusive of all noncontiguous territory. 

Area and Population op the United States. 



YEAKS. 



1790. 
1800. 
1810. 
1820. 
1880. 
1840. 
1850. 
1860. 
1870. 
1880. 
1890. 
1900. 



Square miles. 
S27, 844 
827,844 
1,999,775 
2,059,048 
2,059,043 
2,059,043 
2,980,959 
3,025,600 
8,025,600 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 



Population. 



3.929,214 
5,308,4S3 

7,239,881 

9, 033, 822 
12, 866, 020 
17, 069, 453 
23,191,876 
31,443,321 
38, 58,371 
50, 155, 783 
62, 622, 250 
75, 695, 379 



OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE ; ITS DEVELOPMENT 
INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES, AND ITS PRESENT AND RELATIVE 
VALUE AS A PRODUCING SECTION. 



SPANISH EXPLORATION. 



The earliest record of the acquaintance of the white man with the mouth of the Mississippi is the visit of Alvarez de Pineda and 
his companions in 1519, who, if is said, entered the mouth of the Mississippi and spent six weeks on its banks. Ten years later, De 
Narvaez touched at the mouth of the Mississippi, and in 1541 De Soto crossed the Mississippi at a considerable distance above its mouth, 
and, after further wanderings, perished on its bank near the mouth of the Arkansas, his followers, after considerable delay, passing down 
the stream and arriving at its mouth July 18, 1543, turning westward along the shores of the Gulf of Mexico and ending the record of 
Spanish exploration of the Mississippi. 

FRENCH EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. 

The French exploration of the Mississippi Valley in the following century was fr< ,m the north, where explorers from their Canadian 
settlements moved down the Mississippi; but it was not until April 7, 1682, that the first party of explorers, headed by Robert Cavalier 
de la Salle, reached the month of the Mississippi, and on April 9 erected a column and took possession of the country, affixing to the 
column the arms of Franc • with this inscription: "Louis le Grand, Roi de France et de Navarre, regne; le neuvieme Avril, 1662." 

La Salic and Ids followers returned northward shortly, but three years later Henri de Tonty, who had nied him, again 

visited this spot and r< planted further from the banks of the stream the column which had been thrown down 1 ,vood. 

In 1693 Louis XIV lifted out an expedition to colonize Louisiana, with Capt. Pierre le Moyne d'Iberville in command. It arrived 
at the mi mt ii of the Mississippi early in 1699, and built a fort and established the 6 r-f | .ernianent colony on the eastern side of the mouth 
of Biloxi Bay, communication being maintained at long intervals between this post and the French colonic- in ( Canada. 

In 1712 the first regular charter for the government of Louisiana was granted to Antoine Crozat, whose effort to establish a settle- 
ment and develop the country soon proved unsatisfactory and were abandoned in 1718. Another charter was immediately granted to 
John Law, whose operations seem to have been less disadvantageous to the Louisiana colony than to those of France who became 
interested in his operations, as William Preston Johnston says that th'e privilege granted him "finally inured to the benefit of the 
colonv " while other writers indicate that the colony flourished during at least a part of the control of his Mississippi, or West India 
Company. 

FOUNDING OF NEW ORLEANS. 

In 1717 Jean Baptiste de Bienville selected the tract whereon New Orleans now stands as a site for an agricultural and commercial 
settlement, and in the year following, being appointed governor, sent his chief engineers with a force of 80 convicts lately arrived from 
the prisons of France, to clear the land and trace out the plan of a town, which he named Nouveau Orleans in honor of Orleans, then 
duke of France. From that time until 1722 it was maintained only as a small military trading post, but in August, 1733, it was made 
t he official quarters of the governor of the colony. 



BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH FIXED AT THE MISSISSIPPI. 

The seven years' war in which France and Great Britain contended for the final possession of this continent terminated with the 
definitive treaty of Paris signed in 1763, which fixed the western boundary of the British possessions along the middle of the Mississippi 
River from its source down to the Iberville, and thence down the center of that river or bayou and through lakes Maurepas and 
Pontchartrain to the Mexican Gulf. 



1901.] 



TEBEITOEIAL expansion of the united states. 



973 




No. 1. — 1776. Area of the Thirteen Colonies at Date op Revolution. 




No. 2..— 1783. Showing Addition by Peace Treaty of 17S3 on the Northwest \m> Southwest. 



974 TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION OP THE UNITED STATES. [September, 

FRANCE CEDES LOUISIANA TO SPAIN. 

The Louisiana Territory was ceded by France to Spain by a secret treaty on November 3, 1762, which, however, was not made public 
until 1763, and in 1764 the director-general of Louisiana was directed to acquaint the inhabitants of that province with the act of cession 
and to turn over the government to the officers of Spain when they should arrive to receive it. The motive of this cession, according to 
Wallace, "appears to have been to indemnify Spain for her expenses in the war then just closed, and to prevent Louisiana from falling 
into the hands of Great Britain." He adds, however, that, "moreover, the province had become a burden to the French Government, 
of which it was anxious to be disencumbered. It has been computed that France, in her prolonged attempt to colonize Louisiana, 
expended directly or indirectly nearly $20,000,000, without receiving any proportionate return." 

SPANISH OCCUPATION. 

The Spanish governor, Antonio de Ulloa, arrived at New Orleans March 5, 1766, but his restrictions upon commerce of French 
citizens with France created such dissatisfaction that a convention of planters on October 28, 1768, passed resolutions praying for a 
restoration of their former privileges and the expulsion of the Spaniards, and on the passage by the council of a decree requiring the 
Spanish troops to leave the colony within three days, Ulloa and his troops immediately embarked for Spain. He was succeeded, 
however, by another Spanish governor, who brought the colony under complete Spanish control. 

DIFFICULTIES REGARDING FREE NAVIGATION OF THE MISSISSIPPI. 

During the occupancy of the territory by Spain, American colonists experienced much difficulty in maintaining the right of free 
navigation of the Mississippi, and the opposition of Spain was so great that in 1786 the Congress of the Confederation, by a vote of 7 to 5, 
agreed i" suspend temporarily its demand for this right, and a treaty was framed by which the claim was to be suspended for twent; -five 
years, but not relinquished. This, however, proved very unsatisfactory to the population of tjie Mississippi Valley, and the entire question 
was referred to the new Government which assumed control in 1789. In 1795, Thomas Pinckney, as em extraordinary, ni ROtiati d a 
treaty with Spain by which it was agreed that the navigation of the Mississippi should be free to the citizens of the United State , and 
that they should for the space of three years have the privilege of depositing their merchandise in the porl i 1 New Orleans, and to export 
it from thence without paying any other duty than a fair price for hire of the buildings in which il might be stored. It was also agreed 
to renew this privilege at New Orleans at the end of three years or grant a similar privilege at some other point on the banks of the 
Mississippi. 

LOUISIANA TERRITORY RETROCEDED TO FRANCE. 

In the year 1S0O the King of Spain, desiring the aid of Napoleon in the erection of the kingdom of Etruria for his son-in-law, the 
Duke of Parma, made an agreement for the retrocession of the Louisiana Territory to France as an equivalent for that aid, the French 
Government being quite willing to obtain new territory in America in lieu of that lost to England a few years earlier. This agreement, 
madeOetober 1. 1800, remained a secret for more than a year, and even then France did not assume control of the territory. In 1S02 
the Spanish official still in charge at New Orleans abrogated the right of deposit at that city and refused to name any other place as 
provided by the treaty. 

ALARM IN THE UNITED STATES AS A RESULT OF RETROCESSION TO FRANCE. 

The announcement made in 1802 that Louisiana had been retroceded to Franc reat alarm in the United States, whose 

relations with France had been recently strained through the treatment accorded the embassy sent in 1797 to adjust, tin- differences 
between the two nations, and the people of the Mississippi Valley especially felt that control of the Louisiana Territory and city of New 
Orleans by France threatened the permanent closing of the Mississippi River against American commerce. 

MISSION SENT TO FRANCE TO PURCHASE NEW ORLEANS. 

The result of this feeling was a resolution offered in Congress authorizing the President to call out 50,000 militia and take possession 
of New Orleans, but a substitute was adopted appropriating $2,000,000 for the purchase of New Orleans, and on January 10, 1803, James 
Monroe was sent as minister extraordinary to cooperate with our then minister to France, Robert R. Livingston, for the purchase of New 
Orleans. 

COMMISSION PURCHASES LOUISIANA TERRITORY. 

Monroe, on his arrival in France, found that negotiations for the purchase of New Orleans had been begun by Minister Livingston, 
and the commissioners were surprised by a counter proposition from Napoleon's representative, Barbe.-Marbois, in which he offered to 
sell all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States, suggesting 100,000,000 francs as the price; and the commission! rs, although they 
had i authorized to negotiate for more than the city of New Orleans, offered §10,000,000, and on the following day, April 13, an 

agreement was reached for the sale to the United States of the entire Louisiana Territory for $15,000,000, of which $11,250,000 was t i he 
in the form of 6 per cent United States bonds, and the United States to assume the payment of certain claims of American citizens against 
the French Goverment, amounting to $3,750,000. 

This treaty reached Washington for ratification July 14, Congress was called in special session October 17, and the treaty continued 
by the Senate after two days of discussion, and on October 28 a resolution to carry it into effect was passed after much opposition by 
many who expressed the belief that the territory was not worth the price proposed to be paid, and thatits control would be difficult and 
unprofitable. 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



975 







No. 3.— 1781-1790. Showing First Organization of Territory Ceded to the Union ey the Colonies from 1781 to 1790. (All 
op the Colonies except Georgia had during this time ceded their Western Territory.) 







No. 4.— 1790-1800. Vermont cut off from New York and Admitted v \ State (1791). T Formed and Admit:: 

a State (1796), ink J! ■'■ South of Tennessee."— Territory at the 

Extreme Southwest Organized as Territory oi 

No. 3 7 



976 TEEKITOEIAL EXPANSION OE THE UNITED STATES. [September, 

AMERICAN OCCUPATION. 

The Spanish representatives were still in control at New Orleans and in possession of the entire territory when the treaty was 
ratified, and the Spanish representatives at Washington insisted that France had not carried out her agreement for the cession by Spain 
to France, and therefore the cession to the United States was void. Nevertheless the French charge at Washington directed the 
representative at New Orleans to transfer that city and territory to the representatives of the United States. The message reached New 
Orleans November 23, 1803, and after some consultation the Spanish governor handed the keys of the city to the French representative, 
who on December 20 surrendered them to the representatives of the United States Government, who assumed control of the city and 
territory. 

POPULATION OF LOUISIANA TERRITORY AT DATE OF PURCHASE. 

The population of the Louisiana Territory at the date of its cession to the United States was probably not far from 100,000. A 
volume written by M. Wante in Paris in 1803 states the population of the Territory at that date to be 50,100 whites, 39,820 blacks, and 
10,340 mulattoes; total 100,260. The bishop of the province estimated the population of his jurisdiction at that date at 144,000, but his 
jurisdiction included Pensacola and Mobile. The census of 1810 shows the population of 97,401 for the entire area, of which 76,556 were 
accredited to Orleans Territory occupying the extreme southern portion of the purchase, and 20,845 to the remaining section of the Lou- 
isiana purchase. 

TERRITORY EAST OF THE MOUTH OF THE MISSISSIPPI ADDED TO LOUISIANA. 

After the cession of 1803 questions arose between Spain and the United States as to whether the cession included any territory east 
of the Mississippi other than New Orleans. The claim of the United States was that the original Louisiana Territory extended a 
considerable distance east of the Mississippi; and although this was not admitted by Spain, Congress in 1804 passed an act for collecting 
duties in the disputed territory and placed it under the jurisdiction of Louisiana Territory. In September, 1810, the inhabitants of this 
section (i. e., of West Florida) declared themselves independent of Spain and notified the President of the United States of that fact, 
asking recognition as a part of the United States, and on October 27 of that year President Monroe by proclamation extended the claim 
of the United States over the territory in question and authorized the governor of New Orleans Territory to take possession. In 1812 
an act was passed enlarging the limits of Louisiana ami including the area in controversy. 

TRANSFORMATION OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE INTO STATES AND TERRITORIES. 

1803. French cession of Province of Louisiana, comprising entire Louisiana purchase. 

1804. The Territory of Orleans established with boundaries practically identical with those of the present State of Louisiana. The 
remainder of the Louisiana purchase was designated as the District of Louisiana. 

1 S 1 2. The Territory of Orleans admitted to the Union as a State under the name of Louisiana and name of the territory known as 
Louisiana District changed to the Missouri Territory. 

1819. Territory of Arkansaw formed, including the present State of Arkansas and a large part of the present Indian Territory and 
Oklahoma. In 1824 an act was passed fixing the western boundary and excluding from the limits of Arkansaw Territory practically all 
of that territory now known as Oklahoma and a part of that now known as the Indian Territory. In 182S the western boundary line 
was again changed and made practically identical with the present western boundary of Arkansas, and the territory thus defined was 
admitted as the State of Arkansas June 15, 1836. 

1821. State of Missouri formed, the boundaries nearly identical with those now existing (except as to the northwest corner), the 
remaining undivided area of the Louisiana purchase retaining the title of Missouri Territory until 1834, when it was given the title of The 
Indian Country. 

1838. Territory of Iowa formed, including the present State of Iowa, and extending thence northward to the Canadian line and 
including all territory between the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, comprising most of the present State of Minnesota and the eastern 
portion of the present States of North and South Dakota. In 184o an enabling act was passed for the admission of Iowa as a State, its 
northern boundary being somewhat farther north than at present and its western boundary an arbitrary line running due north and 
south, excluding all that portion fronting upon the Missouri River and including in the then limits of Iowa about two-thirds of the eastern 
portion of the slate as at present denned. This, however, was not accepted, and in 1846 another enabling act was passed by which the 
western boundary was extended to the Missouri River and the present northern boundary established. 

1 X49. Territory of Minnesota organized, comprising the area of the present State of Minnesota and that part of North and South 
Dakota lying east of the Missouri River. In 1858 Minnesota was admitted as a State and the western portion of the territory not included 
in the Slate was in lsiil combined with a part of Nebraska and organized as the Territory of Dakota. The State of Minnesota also 
includes about 52,319 square miles of the area of the original thirteen States. 

1854. Territory of Kansas organized, with practically its present boundaries, except that its western limit extended to the summit 
of the Rocky Mountains and included a part of the present State of Colorado. In 1861 Kansas was admitted as a State, and the western 
boundary line changed to its present location. 

1854. Territory of Nebraska formed, with its southern line identical with the southern line of the present State of Nebraska, but 
extending westward to the Rocky Mountains, the Territory thus including all that area between the southern line above described and 
Canada on the north, the Missouri River on the east, and the Rocky Mountains on the west. The northern portion of this area was 
designated in 1S61 as the Territory of Dakota, ami in the same year the formation of the Territory of Colorado removed a section from 
the southwestern portion of the area then designated as Nebraska, while in the formation of the Territory of Idaho in 1863 the western 
boundary of Nebraska was fixed at about its present location. Admitted as a State March 1, 1867. 

1861. Territory of Dakota organized from parts of Nebraska and Minnesota Territories. Its eastern boundary was practically 
identical with that now separating the State of Minnesota from North and South Dakota, and its southern boundary identical with that 
separating Nebraska from South Dakota, and extending westward to the summit of the Rocky Mountains, and thence northward to the 
Canadian^^e. In 1863 the western portion of Dakota was transferred to the Territory of Idaho, and in 1889 the boundary between 
North and South Dakota was named, and the two sections severally admitted as States. 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



977 




No. 5. — 1800. "Territory Northwest op the Ohio" Divided and the Western Part Organized as "Indiana Territory." 




No. 6. — 1802-1804. Ohio Admitted as \ State and the Remainder of the Territory Northwest ok the Ohio Attached to 
Indiana Territory (1802) .—GEORGIA Cedes Her Western TERRITORY TO THE UNION (1802), and this Area and the Unor- 
ganized Territory South ok Tennessee were [Incorporated swth Mississippi Territory 0^04). 



978 TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. [Septembee, 

1861. Territory of Colorado organized boundaries identical with those of the present State of Colorado, being made up from portions 
of Idaho, Utah, New Mexico, Kansas and Nebraska, the northeastern section being taken from the Louisiana purchase, the central and 
southeastern portion from the Texas annexation, and all of the remainder from the Mexican cession. 

1863. Territory of Idaho, formed from parts of Nebraska, Dakota, and Washington Territories, and included, besides the present 
State of Idaho, all of the territory now known as Montana and Wyoming. Its boundaries were, therefore, Dakota and Nebraska on the 
east, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada on the south, Oregon and Washington on the west, and Canada on the north, the portion east of the 
Rocky Mountains being taken from the Louisiana purchase, and that West of the Rocky Mountains from the Territory of Oregon. 

1864. Montana Territory was formed from the northeastern portion of Idaho Territory. 

1865. Wyoming Territory formed from the southeastern part of the Idaho Territory; in 1890 Idaho and Wyoming admitted as 
States. Wyoming has the unique distinction of being the only State which contains within its boundaries territory originally included 
in four different additions to the territory of the United States, viz, parts of the Louisiana purchase, the Texas Territory ceded to the 
United States, the Mexican cession, and the Oregon Territory. 

AREA, POPULATION, AND PRODUCTION. 

The land area of the Louisiana purchase exceeds that of the original thirteen States, being 861,944 square miles, against a total land 
area of 820,944 square miles in the original thirteen States. The States and Territories which have been created in whole or in part 
from its area number fourteen, and their population in 1900 was 14,708,616, against a population of less than 100,000 in the territory at 
the time of its purchase. Their total area is nearly one-third that of the entire Union, and their - population about one-fifth that of 
the entire United Stales. They produced in 1890 164,000,000 bushels of wheat, and in 1900 264,000,000 bushels, at a value in 1900 of 
SI -"12,000,000, their total wheat production being over 50 per cent of that of the entire United States. They produced 603,000,000 
bushels of corn in 1890 and 1,013,000,000 bushels in 1900, with a value in 1900 of §314,000,000, their total corn crop forming in 1890 40 
per cent and in 1900 48 per cent of the total corn crop of the United States. Of oats they produced in 1900 311,000,000 bushels, or 38 
per cent of the total product of the country, with a valuation of $71,000,000. Their production of barley in 1900 was valued at over 
§10,000,000, and of rye at over §2,000,000; while their production of potatoes in 1900 amounted to over §25,000,000, of hay $130,000,000, 
and of cotton §50,000,000. The total value of the agricultural products of the States formed from the Louisiana purchase, including in 
that category simply wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, hay, potatoes, and cotton, was in 1890 §670,000,000 and in 1900 §755,000,000. The 
wool product of these States amounted in 1894 to 61,871,357 pounds, and in 1900 to 100,396,982 pounds, or 35 per cent of the total wool 
product of the United States, with an estimated value of about §15,000,000, or equal to the cost of the entire area. The value of the 
farm animals in these States in 1890 was §772,000,000, and in 1900 §825,000,000. Add to these easily measured farm products the 
estimated value of the wool, the sugar, the dairy and poultry products, and the proportion of the live stock annually turned into 
provisions, and it may be safely estimated that the agricultural products of a single year amount to one hundred times the original cost 
of the area; or, in other words, that its cost is repaid by 1 per cent of the agricultural productions of each recurring year. 

MINERAL WEALTH. 

The product of the mines is also of very great value. The coal produced in this area in 1899 amounted to 22,000,000 tons, against 
14,000,000 tons in 1890; the iron ore to 8,491,000 tons in 1900, against 1,269,000 tons in 1890; the silver product of 1899, §50,300,768 in 
coining value, against §44,799,998 in 1890, and gold, §37,712,400 in 1899, against §10,650,000 in 1890. 

BANKING STATISTICS. 

The prosperity shown by these figures is further evidenced by the banking institutions of the States formed from this territory. 
Their capital stock amounted in 1900 to over §80,000,000; their circulation to §36,600,000, against §15,644,000 in 1890; their loans and 
discounts in 1900 to §317,563,000, against §269,016,000 in 1890, and their total resources in 1900 to §1,099,111,000, against §746,903,000 in 
1890, while a still more gratifying evidence of the prosperity of this section is the fact that individual deposits in national banks in 1900 
amounted to §329,699,000, against §216,609,000 in 1890, an increase of more than §110,000,000 in individual deposits during the decade. 

EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS. 

A study of educational conditions shows equally rapid and gratifying development. The pupils enrolled in the public schools in 
the States in question in 1890 numbered 2,5S0,495, and in 1899, 3,161,112; the teachers employed numbered, in 1890, 89,558, and in 1899, 
102,202, and the expenditure for public schools in 1890 was §30,284,752, and in 1899, §37,185,881. The number of pupils in attendance 
at high schools in 1S99 was 113,847, with 4,937 teachers; normal schools, 15,843 students, with 625 teachers, and at higher educational 
institutions, 40,249 students, and 3,925 teachers. The total figures for schools and educational institutions in the fourteen States formed 
from the Louisiana purchase show. Teachers, in 1890, 95,365; in 1899, 111,689; attendance, in 1S90, 2,670,541; in 1899, 3,331,051. 

NEWSPAPERS, POST-OFFICES, AND RAILWAYS. 

The number of newspapers and periodicals published in this area in 1890 was 4,759, and in 1900, 5.61S; the number of post-offices 
in 1890, 12.919; in 1900, 16,228; the miles of railway in operation in 1890 numbered 51,823, and in 1899, 59,324, or 31 per cent of the total 
railway mileage of the country. 

FUTURE POSSIBILITIES CONSIDERED. 

The powrt of this vast area with its agricultural and mineral wealth to sustain a population much greater than that which it now 
supports is suggested by a comparison of its area with the area and population of the prosperous countries of Europe. The total area is 
875,025 square miles and is slightly less than that of the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, and 
Switzerland, whose total area is 885,978; with a present population of 202,363,573, as against a present population of 14,708,616 in the 
territory under consideration, whose agricultural and mineral possibilities fully equal those of the European States named. 



1901.] 



TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION <^F TLLE UNITED STATES. 



979 




No. 7. — 1803. Louisiana Purchase Added to the Territory of the United States, more than Doubling its Land Area. 




'V. 



"N. 




No. 8. — 1804. Territory of Orleans Formed from Southern Pari oi rati Loi csiana Purchase and the Remainder Designated 

as Louisiana Disi rh 



980 TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. [September, 

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE STATE OF TEXAS. 

The French and Spanish contended for the territory now known as Texas in the early period of its history. The little city of 
Ysleta, located on the Rio Grande near El Paso, claims to be the site of a mission built by Coronado in 1540, twenty-five years earlier 
than the founding of St. Augustine. Aside from this, the first recorded attempt to establish a settlement within the present limits of 
the State was that of La Salle, who, in 1685, conducted a colony of French emigrants from France with the purpose of establishing a 
settlement at the mouth of the Mississippi, but sailing past it unawares landed in Matagorda Bay and erected Fort St. Louis on the Lavaca. 
In 1689 a Spanish officer, Captain De Leon, was sent to drive the French out of the country, but on arrival found the garrison already 
scattered, and in the following year established the mission of San Francisco on the site of Fort St. Louis. A Spanish governor was 
appointed in 1691, but the settlement was soon abandoned. 

In 171-4 the French again attempted to settle the country through an expedition sent from Louisiana by Crozat, to whom all of 
Louisiana had been granted in 1712. His expedition was, however, captured by the Spanish, and for twenty years following the Span- 
iards held control, giving to the country the name of "The New Philippines," the Philippines of the Orient having been then for more 
than a century under their control. 

In 1735 a French settlement was established beyond the Red River, and the Spaniards finally conceded the French a right to that 
region. In 1762 the cession of Louisiana by France to Spain terminated the contest between the French and Spanish for control of this 
territory, which, however, was renewed between the Americans and tin' Spanish on the cession of the Louisiana territory to the United 
States. Spain claimed not only all of the present State of Texas, but territory east of the Sabine River, while the United States claimed 
title as far as the Rio Grande. From 1806 to 1S19 the question was undetermined, and this period was marked by numerous invasions 
or attempted invasions by parties of Americans, beginning with the projected movement of Aaron Burr and including the engagement 
at San Antonio in 1813, in which all but 100 of a force of 2,500 Americans and Mexicans were slain, and nearly 700 of the peaceable 
inhabitants of San Antonio murdered. 

In 1819 the boundary between Texas and the United States was fixed at the Sabine River. 

In 1820 Moses Austin, who was then residing in Missouri, received a grant of land in Texas from the Spanish authorities of Mexico, 
and his son, Stephen F. Austin, conducted a colony to a point near the present city of Austin, and this was soon followed by other 
colonies. 

In 1824 Texas and the province of Coahuila were established as a Mexican State and a Mexican commandant placed in charge. 
His treatment of American citizens created great dissatisfaction, and in 1833 the American settlers, who at that time numbered fully 
20,000, held a convention, .prepared a State constitution, and sent Col. S. F. Austin to the city of Mexico to request that Texas be 
established as a separate State of the Mexican Republic. He was detained until 1835 and Mexican troops sent to occupy the territory. 
Several engagements occurred during 1835 in which the Texans were successful, and in November, 1835, a provisional government was 
formed, Henry Smith elected governor, Sam Houston commander in chief, and S. F. Austin a commissioner to the United States. On 
December 22 a declaration of independence was issued. Santa Anna, then President of the Mexican Republic, entered the State at the 
head of 7,500 men, suppressed the revolt, and during this period occurred the storming of the Alamo, a fort near San Antonio and the 
slaughter of its garrison numbering 172 men, who on its capture after eleven days' siege by 4,000 Mexicans, were all slaughtered except 
3 persons — a woman, a child, and a servant — the Mexican loss during the siege being 1,600. General Houston, in command of the 
Texan troops, finally succeeded in defeating the Mexican forces and captured Santa Anna, ending the war; and in September, 1836, 
Houston was elected president, and on October 22 inaugurated. 

In March, 1837, the United States acknowledged the independence of Texas, and similar action was taken by France in 1839, and 
by England, Belgium, and Netherlands in 1840. In August, 1837, according to A. Johnston (p. 97, Vol. I, of Lalor's Cyclopaedia of 
Political Economy and United States History) , the minister of the Republic of Texas made application to the Executive for membership 
in the United States, but the proposition to that effect introduced in the Senate by Preston of South Carolina was tabled by a vote 
of 24 to 14. 

In 1843 President Tyler, according to the American Cyclopaedia (vol. 15, pages 405, 678), made propositions to the president of 
Texas for its annexation to the United States, and a treaty to that effect was framed on April 12, 1844, and submitted to the Senate, but 
rejected June 8. 

In January, 1845, the United States House of Representatives, by a vote of 120 to 98, passed a resolution providing for the annexa- 
tion of Texas, and after long discussion it passed the Senate by a vote of 27 to 25 and on March 1 was approved by President Tyler, 
three days before the close of his term, and a representative sent to Texas to submit the proposition. A convention, called by the presi- 
dent of Texas approved the proposition for annexation (July 4, 1845) and prepared a State constitution, which was approved by popular 
vote, and on December 29, 1845, a joint resolution of Congress declared Texas admitted into the Union as a State. 

The boundaries of Texas as admitted differ materially from those forming the present limits of the State, having included the eastri n 
half of the present Territory of New Mexico, the central portion of the present State of Colorado, and a small section in the present St ;t 1 1 s 
of YVvoming and Kansas. In 1850 Texas ceded to the United States that portion of its territory outside its present State lines and was 
paid 810,000,000 in bonds, which sum was applied to the payment of the State debt. 

Provision for the division of Texas into five States was made by the joint resolution of Congress by which Texas was admitted. 
It provided that "new States of convenient size, not exceeding four in number in addition to the said State of Texas, and having 
sufficient population, may hereafter, by consent of said State, be formed out of the territory thereof, which shall be entitled to admission 
under the provisions of the Federal Constitution." Of this Alexander Johnston, the historian, says: "It is now practically impossible 
to obtain any such consent from the State, and its size must remain undiminished until the development of separate interests within it 
shall produce a division naturally." Apropos to this suggestion, it may be said that the present area of Texas is about 50 per cent greater 
than that of Ohio. Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee combined, and is nearly equal to the combined area of Georgia, Florida, Alabama, 
Mississippi, and Louisiana. It could retain its present distinction of being the largest State of the Union and yet spare sufficient territory 
to make four States equal in size to the group known as the Middle States — New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware — 
whose combined population is 15,638,531. The present area of the State exceeds that of England and Germany, whose combined 
population is now over 85,000,000. 



1001.] 



TEKEITOELAL EXPANSION OP THE UNITED STATES. 



981 



r™ 




No. 9. — 1805. Michigan Territory Formed from Northeastern Part op Indiana Territory. 




No. 10. — 1809. Indiana Territory Divided and Western Portion called Illinois Territory. 



982 • TEEEITOBIAL EXPANSION OP THE UNITED STATES. [September, 

RECENT GROWTH. 

The recent development of the State of Texas is suggested by the fact that its population increased from 2,235,523 in 1890 to 3,04S,710 
in 1900; its corn production, from 63,802,000 bushels in 1S90 to 81,963,000 bushels in 1900; its oats, from 11,059,000 bushels in 1890 to 
28,27S,000 bushels in 1900. The value of its cotton crop increased from $67,764,000 in 1888 to §92,187,000 in 1899, and the value of its 
farm products, including wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, hay, potatoes, and cotton, increased from $128,988,465 in 1S90 to §158,785,414 in 
1900, while the value of its cattle increased from 575,227,000 in 1890 to $95,255,000 in 1900. 

The number of national banks in the State increased from 189 in 1S90 to 223 in 1900; their circulation, from $3,821,000 in 1890 to 
$7,177,000 in 1900; their loans and discounts, from $48,814,000 to $56,453,000; their total resources, from $83,099,000 to $103,418,000, and 
their individual deposits, from $30,450,000 in 1890 to $49,749,000 in 1900. 

The number of pupils enrolled in the public schools in 1890 was 466,872, and by 1899 had increased to 552,50.".. The number of 
teachers in the public schi » .Is in 1890 was 10,880, and in 1899 was 14,989. The total expenditure for public schools in 1890 was $3,178,300, 
and in 1899, $4,476,457; and the attendance at schools of all classes, including public schools, high and normal schools, and higher 
educational, institutions, was in 1890, 476,992, and in 1899, 576,329. 

The number of post-offices during the decade increased from 2,139 to 3,011; the number of newspapers and periodicals, from 542 to 
794, and the miles of railway in operation, from 8,710 in 1890 to 9,722 in 1899. 

• 
THE MEXICAN CESSION. 

The first historical account of the visit of the white man to the great area north of the Eio Grande formerly known as New Mexico 
is that of the wanderings of Cabeza de Vaea, who accompanied De Narvaez to Florida in 1528, and after the movement of de Narvaez and 
party westward along the Gulf coast and the subsequent death of de Narvaez and some of his party, made his way with the few remaining 
followers across the continent, reaching San Miguel in Sonora in May, 1536. His accounts of the trip led to the exploration of the 
country in question, subsequently called, respectively, New Mexico and California. In 1539 Marcos de Niza visited the, country, and in 
the following year Coronado crossed the country north of the Gila eastward beyond the Eio Grande among the Pueblo Indians, who 
then occupied the coimtry, and they were followed by others. Toward the close of the century Juan de Onate was sent by the viceroy 
of Mexico to take formal possession of the country in the name of Spain and establish colonies, missions, and forts. This date is 
variously stated at from 1595 to 1599. Missions were established, mines opened and worked, and the enterprise flourished until the 
Indians rebelled against enslavement, and in 1680 drove the Spaniards out. In 1698 the Spaniards regained possession of the country, 
and it remained a province or Stale of Mexico until 1846. 

The annexation of Texas in 1S45 was quickly followed by war with Mexico, the direct cause being a disagreement as to whether 
the Nueces Kiverorthe Eio Grande formed the true boundary between Texas and Mexico, the Mexican Government claiming all 
territory south of the Nueces, and the United States claiming the territory between the Nueces and the Eio Grande. War with Mexico 
was declared in May, 1846. Immediately following this declaration Gen. Stephen Kearny, who had command of the Army of the Wi ;-t, 
was ordered to take possession of the area known as New Mexico, and in June set out from Fort Leavenworth with 1,600 men, crossed 
the country and took possession of Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico, August IS, 1846. He then took formal possession of the State 
and appointed Charles Bent provisional governor and moved westward, his original instructions having been to conquer California as 
well as New Mexico. 

CALIFORNIA. 

The earliest recorded visit of the white man to California is that of an expedition sent from Mexico in 1534 by Cortez, then 
governor of that country, to explore the country northward. A romance published in Spain many years earlier had described the doings 
of a queen of amazons who ruled an island rich in gold, diamonds, and pearls "on the right hand of the Indies known as California," 
and Cortez and his lieutenant, Grijalva, believing that they were in the neighborhood of the coast of Asia, called the country thus 
discovered "California." 

The first settlements made in the country thus named were those of the Jesuit missionaries who were located in Lower California 
in 1683. Sir Francis Drake had in 1578 passed up the western coast of America and touching temporarily at a bay on the western 
coast, believed by some to have been the Bay of San Francisco, called the country New Albion, or New England, remaining, however, 
but a very short time. Explorations northward from the settlements in Old, or Lower, California, were only made in the following 
century, and the first mission planted in Upper, or "Alta," California, as it was termed in the Spanish language, was established at 
the present site of San Diego in 1769. The Bay of San Francisco was not reached until 1770, and a mission was established there in 1776. 
Eighteen missions had been established by the close of the century with over 15,000 converts among the Indians. The Spanish power 
in Mexico was overthrown by the revolution of 1822, and California passed under control of the new governor of Mexico, which deprived 
the missions of their control of the Indians, secularizing the government of the section then known as California. Ten years later 
immigrants began to arrive from the United States, and when the war with Mexico began in 1846 many thousands of citizens of the 
United States were residents of California, which, however, was still a part of Mexico. 

Capt. John C. Fremont had been sent in 1845 by the Government to explore the maritime region of Oregon and California, and in 
May, 1846, received instructions to watch the movements of the Mexicans in California, who, it was believed, were disposed to band the 
province over to the British Government. He hurried to California, and finding the Mexican general marching against the American 
settlements, engaged bis forces successfully, and on July 5, 1846, the Americans in California declared themselves independent and 
elected Fremont governor of the province. Meantime Commodore Stockton had arrived with authority to conquer California, and he 
and Fremont jointly took possession of Los Angeles. 

General Kearny, whose instructions on leaving Fort Leavenworth for New Mexico had been to "capture New Mexico and 
California," arrived in California in December, 1846, with a small part of his command, and refusing to sanction the election of Fremont 
as governor, in February, 1847, assumed that office himself and declared the annexation of California to the United States. 

The war between the United States and Mexico was terminated by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed February 2, 1848, and 
ratified by the Senate March 10, 1848. It transferred to the United States both New Mexico and California, the price being, according 



190i.] 



TERKITOKIAL EXPANSION OP THE UNITED STATES. 







No. 11.— 1810-1812. United States Takes Control of Territory East op Lower Mississippi River Adjacent to New Orleans 
(1810).— Orleans Territory Admitted as a State (1812), and Name of Louisiana Territory Changed to Territory of 
Missouri. 













No. 12.— 1817. Territory of Alabama Formed from Eastern Portion or Mississippi Territory and Western Portion of 

Territory Admitted as State of Mississippi. 
No. 3 8 



984 TEEBITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. [September, 

to Johnston, the historian, "$15,000,000, besides the assumption by the United States of $3,250,000 in claims of American citizens against 
Mexico." 

The territory included that part of New Mexico east of the Rio Grande, which was also claimed by Texas, and the disputed claim cf 
Texas was afterwards, in 1S50, settled by the payment of $10,000,000 by the United States to the State of Texas in full satisfaction of her 
claim. During the next five years disputes arose as to whether the' Gila River constituted the boundary line of that section now known 
as Arizona and New Mexico, and in the- latter part of 1853, by the Gadsden purchase, the United States obtained from Mexico, on the 
payment of $1 0,000, 000, the disputed territory as well as the right of free transit of troops, munitions, mails, and merchandise over the 
Isthmus of Tehuantepec. 

The area added to the United States by the original Mexican cession, according to Johnston, was 545, 7S3 square miles, and by the 
Gadsden purchase, 45,535 square miles. Commissioner Hermann, in his "Louisiana purchase," page 69, gives the area of the Mexican 
cession as 522,568 square miles, and the Gadsden purchase, 45,535 square miles. 

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE OREGON TERRITORY. 

The Oregon Territory had been long in dispute between the United States and Great Britain. Ferrelo, a Spaniard, had made 
exploring voyages along the coast in 1543. Sir Francis Drake moved northward along the Oregon coast in 1578, after his landing on 
the coast of California, described in the brief history of California above given; and several Spanish explorers visited the country 
between 1592 and 1775. In 1792, Capt. Robert Grey, a trader from Boston, entered the mouth of the Columbia and thus laid the 
foundation of the American title to Oregon. In 1805 the Lewis and Clarke exploring expedition dispatched by President Jefferson after 
the purchase of Louisiana, crossed the Rocky Mountains and following down the Columbia River, reached the Pacific coast at the mouth 
of the Columbia in November of that year, returning eastward in the spring of 1806. 

In 1811 John Jacob Astor and others established a fur-trading post at the mouth of the Columbia, calling it Astoria, and in 1833 
emigration to that region overland began, and by L850 thousands of settlers from the United Studs had reached Oregon. The British 
Government, however, made claim to the section, and in 1813 captured Astoria, the settlement founded by Astor' s Pacific Fur Company, 
but in 1818 a treaty of joint occupation was made with the United States and Astoria restored to United States jurisdiction. From 1818 to 
1846 the .country was jointly occupied by the United States and Great Britain. In that year a treaty was made by which the forty-ninth 
parallel and the Straits of Fuca were made the northern boundary of the United States possessions in the Oregon Territory, and the 
treaty was ratified June 15, 1846. An organic law had meantime been framed and accepted by the American settlers, and this formed 
the basis for a provisional government until Congress, in 1848, created the Territory i if Oregon, which comprised all of the United States 
territory west of the summit of the Rocky Mountains and north of the forty-second parallel, and on March 3, 1849, the territorial 
government went into effect with Joseph Lane as governor. 

TRANSFORMATION OF THE MEXICAN CESSION AND OREGON TERRITORY INTO STATES. 

The discovery, exploration, settlement, and transfer to the United States of each of the above outlined sections — New Mexico, 
California, and Oregon — are given consecutively, since their definite addition to the territory of the United States and their formation 
into Territories and States are practically simultaneous. 

The population of New Mexico, California, and Oregon Territories given by the census of 1850, the first taken after their acquisition, 
is stated as follows: New Mexico, 61,547; California, 92,597; Oregon, 13,294; total. 167,438. 

New Mexico was governed by the military until 1850, when a territorial government was organized by act of Congress. 

The discovery of gold in California, in 1848, attracted a large population, and the necessity for a substantial government becoming 
quickly apparent, a convention of delegates was called by the military governor of the Territory, General Riley, to meet at Monterey 
September 1, 1849. The constitution which it prepared was adopted on submission to the people and California admitted as a State 
September 9, 1S50, after a prolonged discussion in Congress over the slavery question, which delayed final action, but it was not until 
several years later that control by vigilance committees of the heterogeneous population drawn thither by the gold discoveries, terminated. 

The process 1 >y « hich the Mexican cession and Oregon Territory wire transformed into their present political divisions is as follows: 

ls-lli. Control of Oregon Territory by the United States settled by treaty with Great Britain. 

1848. Mexican cession of New Mexico and California. 

September 9, 1850. State of California admitted and Utah Territory formed from northern portion of Mexican cession lying east of 
the northern part of California. 

December 3, 1850. Territory of New Mexico formed from that part of Mexican cession not included in California and Utah; also 
including part of territory claimed by Texas, for which Texas was paid $10,000,000. 

1853. Gadsden purchase, $10,000,000; made part of the Territory' of New Mexico. Washington Territory formed from the northern 
part i if Oregon Territory. 

1859. Western part of Oregon Territory admitted as a State and eastern part temporarily attached to Washington Territory. 

1861. Territory of Nevada organized from western part of Utah, and Territory of Colorado organized from eastern part of Utah, 
western part of Nebraska, and northern part of New Mexico and northwestern part of Kansas. 

L863. Idaho Territory formed from the eastern part of Washington Territory and western part of Dakota Territory. Arizona 
Territory formed from western part of New Mexico. 

1868. Montana formed from the northeastern part of Idaho. 

PRESENT CONDITIONS. 

The territory added by the Mexican cession had, as above indicated, a population of 165,524 at the census of 1850, the first 
enumeration after the purchase. In 1890 it was 1,675,009, and in 1900, 2,122,378. This does not include any part of the State of 
Colorado, of which about one-third falls within the Mexican cession, but does include all of New Mexico, which is formed in part from 
territory which was claimed by Texas. The wheat production of the five States and Territories now representing the Mexican cession 
was in 1S90, 33,066,000 bushels; in 1900, 37,444,934 bushels. The barley production of 1900 was 15,105,060 bushels, valued at $6,527,226, 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



JIS5 







No. 13. — 1818. Territory op Illinois Divided and State of Illinois Formed. — Remainder of Illinois Territory Attached to 

MicniGAN Territory. 








No. 14. — 1819-1820. Florida Purchased from Spain (1819). — Arkansas Territory Formed prom Southern Part of Territory op 
Missouri (1819). — Maine, Formerly a District op Massachusetts, Admitted as a State I LS20 



986 



TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



[September, 



and the hay crop alone in 1900 was valued at $30,427,256, or twice as much as the sum paid to Mexico (exclusive of the agreement to 
settle the claims of American citizens, amounting to §3,250,000) for the entire Territory. The States and Territories in question produced 
in 1900 nearly one-fourth of the wool grown in the United States, their total wool production being in 1900, 62,704,883 pounds, out of a 
total in the United States of 288,636,621 pounds. The total value of the production of wheat, corn, oats, rye, barley, hay, and potatoes 
in these five States and Territories in 1900 was $63,734,169, or practically four times the sum paid for their purchase. The number of 
horses and mules in 1900 was 627,108 and their value $20,374,787. The number of cattle in 1900 was 2,549,130, and their vahie$58, 761,330, 
against $57,713,266 in 1890. The number of sheep in 1900 was 10,028,126, against 10,583,146 in 1890, and their value in 1900, $24,790,675, 
against $19,039,162 in 1890. The total value of farm animals in the five States and-Territories formed from this purchase was in 1900 
i 203,619, or six times its original cost. The silver production in 1899 was $14,018,715, coining value, and the gold production in 
1899, 824,017,800, against $17,830,000 in 1890. 

The growth in educational facilities during the decade in the States and Territories in question is shown by the fact that the pupils 
enrolled in public schools numbered in 1890, 292,62(i, and in 1899, 375,722; the number of teachers in public schools increased during 
that period from 7,081 to 10,969, and the total expenditure for public schools from $6,010,242 to $7,752,941; and the total attendance at 
schools of all classes had increased from 312,945 to 403,427 and the number of teachers employed from 8,390 to 12,7s:;. 

The number of post-offices increased from 2,119, in 1890, to 2,705, in 1900; the number of newspapers and periodicals published 
from 725, in 1890, to 911, in 1900, and the miles of railway in operation from 9,022 to 11,201. An additional evidence of the general 
prosperity of the citizens as a class is shown by the fact that the individual deposits in national banks increased from $25,517,000, in 
1890, to 16,334,000, in 1900; the circulation of the national banks in these Slates and Territories from $1,834,000 to $5,453,000, their 
loans and discounts from $28,569,000 to $40,189,000, and the total resources of all banking institutions (national, State, private, and 
savings banks) in these States and Territories from $284,744,000 to $446,2.81,000. 

The population of the three States formed from the original Oregon Territory was in 1890, 747,524, and in 1900, 1,093,411. Their 
production of wheat in 1890 was 22,306,000 bushels, valued at $16,851,802, and in 1900, 44,399,302 bushels, valued at $23,136,333. The 
value of the hay crop was in 1894, $15,655,831, and in 1900, $23,730,012. The wool produced was in 1894, 31,297,223 pounds, and in 1900, 
44,586,S84 pounds. The value of cattle on farms and ranches was in 1890, $34,316,643, and in 1900, $36,595,2S0; of sheep in 1890, 
$8,239,S75, and in 1900, $10,447,148, and of all farm animals in 1900, $60,672,910. The gold produced in 1900 was valued at $4,003,900, 
and of silver, $4,971,312 (coining value). The number of pupils in public schools was in 1890, 133,529, and in 1899, 219,097, and the 
expenditure for public schools in 1S90, $1,933,110, and in 1899, $3,229,297. The number of post-offices was in 1890, 1,346, and in 1900, 
2,127. The banking resources were in 1890, $59,286,000, and in 1900, $72,877,000. 

Total Area op tiie Original Thirteen States as defined by the Peace Treaty op 1783, and its Distribution into States. 

[Prepared by the General Land Office, Interior Department.] 



STATES AND TERRITORIES. 



Land 


Water 


Total 


surface 


surface 








Sq. miles. 


Sq. mitex. 


Sq. miles. 


I-' 876 


318 


49, 194 


4,794 


818 


5, 612 


1,969 


411 


2.3S0 


59 


10 


69 


68,850 


586 


59,436 


66,004 


2,350 


68,354 


35,860 


727 


36,587 


39,898 


434 


40, 332 


29, 89 1 


3, 145 


33,039 


•J, 875 


2, 422 


12, 297 


8,038 


508 


S, 546 


57, 530 


40,460 


97,990 


26, 191 


4,855 


31,046 


42,809 


471 


43,280 


9,056 


321 


9,377 


T. 454 


719 


8,173 


47,687 


6,032 


53,719 


■ls.'.'T'J 


3,702 


62, 674 


4<>,72:i 


3, 711 


44,464 


44, 679 


1,249 


45, 928 


1,081 


166 


1,247 


30, 460 


588 


31.048 


41,0X6 


370 


42, 056 


9,114 


449 


9,563 


39, 925 


2,405 


42,330 


24,343 


161 


24,504 


55,117 


10,688 


65,805 


820, 944 


88,106 


909, 050 



Remarks. 



Alabama* 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

District of Columbia. 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Kentucky 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 



Minnesota l 

MlESiOSlppi -.. 

New Hampshire . 

New Jersey 

New York 

North Carolina ., 

Ohio 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode Island 

South Carolina.., 

Tennessee 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West Virginia 

Wisconsin 



Total 820,94-1 



1,674 square miles of Lake Michigan included. 
230 square miles of Lake Michigan included. 



/16.653 square miles of Lake Superior; 12,922 of Lake Mich- 

I igan, and 9,926 of Lake Huron. 

2,514 square miles of Lake Superior included. 



3,140 square miles of Lake Ontario included. 



3,443 square miles of Lake Erie included. 
891 square miles of Lake Erie included. 



2,378 square miles of Lake Superior, and 7,500 of Lake 
Michigan included. 



i Includes only that portion of the State formed from territory within boundaries of original thirteen States. 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



987 













No. 15. — 1821. State op Missouri Formed, but Name of Missouri Territory Retained for the Undivided Portion of the 

Louisiana Purchase. 








No. 16.— 1S24-1828. Reduction of Area of Arkansas Territory in 1824 ani. oj 1S28. 



988 



TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Statistics of States of the Union Oeganized from Acquired Territory. 



[September, 



STATES AND TERRITORIES. 


Date of act of 
organization 
as Territory. 


Population 
at census 

next 
following 
Territorial 
organiza- 
tion. 


Date of act of 

admission as 

State. 


Population 
at census 

next 

following 

1 admission 

as State. 


POPULATION ET CENSUS. 


Area in 
square miles. 


Popula- 
tion per 
square 
mile. 


Capital. 




1890 


1900 


1900 




Louisiana Pukchase: 


Mar. 2,1819 
Feb. 28,1861 


14,255 

l 34, 277 


June 15.1S36 
Mar. 3, 1875 


97,574 
194, 327 


1, 128, 179 

412, 198 

180,182 

1,911,896 

1,427,096 

1,118,587 

1,301,826 

2,679,184 

132, 159 

1,058,910 

IS2.71U 

61,834 

328,808 

60, 705 


1,311,564 

539, 700 

391,960 

2,231,853 

1,470 195 

1,381,625 

1,751,394 

3,106,665 

243, 329 

1,068,539 

319, 146 

398,245 

401,570 

92,533 


53,045 
103, 645 
31,000 
55, 475 
81,700 
46, 120 
79, 205 
68, 735 
145,310 
76, 840 
70,195 
38, 830 
76,850 
97,675 


24.72 
5.21 
12.04 
40.23 
18 

30.42 

22.11 

45.19 

. 1.67 

13.90 

4.54 

10.26 

5.22 

.95 














June 12,1838 
May 30, IS A 
Mar. 3,1805 
Mar. 8,1849 
June 4,1812 
Mav 26,1864 
Mav 30,1854 
Mar. 2,1861 
May 2,1890 
Mar. 2,1861 
July 25,1S68 


43,112 
107,206 

n 

('.,077 
8 20,845 
20,595 
28,841 
( 3 ) 
61,834 

9, 118 


Mar. 3, 1845 
Jan. 29,1861 
Apr. 8,1812 
May 11.1S58 
Mar. 2,1821 
Feb. 22.1SS9 
Feb. 9.1867 
Feb. 22,1889 


192,214 
1 107, 206 
- 76, 66 
172,023 
' 66, 557 
132,159 
122,993 
1S2, 719 






Topeka. 
Baton Rouge. 


























Feb. 22,1889 
July 10,1890 


328, 808 
60,705 






Cheyenne. 




Total 


427. 553 




11,981,283 


14, 708, 616 


1,023,825 


1 1. 37 






Feb. 24,1863 








Mexican Cession: 


9,658 
1 92, 597 

61,547 
16,857 
11,380 




59, 020 

1,208,130 

153,593 

45,761 
207,905 


122, 931 

1,485,053 

195, 310 

42, 335 

276,719 


112,920 
155, 980 
122, 460 
109,710 
82, 190 








Sept. 9,1850 


92,597 






Sept. 'Mv.ii 
Mar. 2,1861 
Sept y,lS50 


1.59 

.38 

3.36 






Mar. 21,1864 
July 16.1S94 


42,491 

° 207, 905 


Carson City. 
Salt Lake City 


Utah 




Total 






1,675,009 


2,122,378 


583, 290 


3.64 






Mar. 3,1863 
Aug. 14,1848 
Mar. 2,1853 




Julv 3,1890 
Feb. 1 1. 1869 
Feb. 22,1889 






Oesgon: 


14,999 
13,294 
11,594 


84,385 

52, 165 

349, 390 


84,385 
313,767 
349, 390 


161,772 
413,536 
518, 103 


84,290 

94,560 
66, 880 


1.92 

4.37 
7.74 






Salem 




Olympia. 




Total 






747,542 


1,093,411 


245, 730 


4.4.5 










Dee. 29,1845 






Texas 


» 212, 592 


212. 592 


2,235,523 


3, 04S, 710 


262, 290 


11.62 
















16,642,357 

63, 069, 756 


20,973,115 
76,304,799 


2,115,135 
2, 970, 038 


9.91 
25.69 




Total United States 
























Per cent Louisiana Territory forms of 






19 

26.43 


19.27 
27.48 


34.47 
71.21 






United States, 
re.- cent grand total forms of United 














States. 















i Census of 1860. 
= Census of 1810. 
s Population of Dakota Territory by census of I860, 4,837. 



* Census of 1850. 
6 Census of 1820. 
6 Census of 1S90. 



1901.] 



TEMUTOIUAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



989 







No. 17. — 1834. Portion of Missouri Territory Lying North of the State of Missouri, Extending North to the Canada Linh 
and West to the Missouri and White Earth Rivers Attached to the Territory of Michigan. — Remainder of the Missouri 
Territory Designated as the Indian Country. 




TERRITORY 
OF 



W1SCQW**. 



ILL 



MO. 



, MISS 



LA 



s°s 













1 \ 


^j. 




r / ME A 


<T$& 


Z^-S ** 


V f 


\ MICH y ~s 


rS' --" 


^.^f^H 1 


I tkAS 


('' ' 


v~ir 


\J--" t "^^ 


p> > 


liif 


i IND ! OHIO 


,L--r".:-"!'ti' 


^-**0EL 




V*. . "3 




* -■} 

TENN y ,r 


no $ 




! ALA .N G& ' 






1 . - - — ■* 






>-* i **\ > ^£ 


r°A 





V. 



No. 18. — 1836-1837- Territory op Wisconsin Formed from Western Part of the Tj rritory of Michigan in 1836, lnd Eti 

Admitted as the State of Michigan in 1837. — Boundary Line of Missouri Extended to the Mtsboubi River at tiik 
Northwest Corner of the State f LS36). 



990 



TEERITOBIAL EXPANSION Oj THE UNITED STATES. 

Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[September, 





WHEAT PRODUCTION. 


CORN PRODUCTION. 


OATS PE'iniCTIUN. 


STATES AND 
TERRITORIES. 


Bushels. 


Value. 


Bushels. 


Value. 


Bushels. 


Value. 




1S90 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


1S90 


1B00 


1S90 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


Louisiana Pur- 
chase: 

Arkansas 

Colorado 

Lava 

Kan*;; 


1,575,000 
t, 777, 1 'i 

19.011,000 


2,6S9,41S 


Dollars. 
1,543,619 

15,: 


4,252,199 


33, 443, 000 

767, 1 

9,0 ii 

16,9^ 1,1 

175, : 


45, 225.V 17 
3,1 

163,87 1,6 

21,7-: 
.".1.7 1,708 
180,710,404 

210. 1 

14,144 

2 


Dollars. 
21,737,952 

483 "'.'7 

28,187,241 

1 1 , 

8,940,136 
77,151,802 


Dollars. 
19,447,157 

L, 530, 692 
82,582,186 

• 

,. .. 
65,233,320 
3, 677, 454 
49,02J 


3, 967, 000 
2,498,000 

71.:','.i7,(«ii 
31,269,000 
567,000 
38,402,000 
24,579,000 

22, 430, 000 
10, 000, 000 


7,038,665 

3,272,390 
130,572,138 
13,063,943 
614, 142 
41,907,046 
24,695,373 

2,5 ! . 
37,778,572 

6,299,241 


Dollars. 
2,102,361 

1,2 IS, 990 

27, 130, 903 

12 

, 

14, 208, 796 

8,747,761 

3, 000, POO 


Dollars. 

1,407,128 

26,11 !. 128 

9,904, 707 


Minnesota 

Missouri . 


i 


713 

: 

20, 149, 6S4 


1,190,680 

l 


U,6 i,817 

27s. .175 


: 

■ 

1,078,869 

2,015,771 


Nebraska 

North Dakota.. 


10,000 
6,000,000 

6,030,000 


26,548,992 


South] 


30,411,000 




3,015,233 


14,846,000 


12,653,266 

630, 272 


4,950,815 


8,036,784 
















Total 


163,796,000 


263,020,925 


126,751,189 


152,372,479 


602,868,000 


1,012,832,967 


276, 249, 710 


313,933,222 


222, 752, 000 31 1 ,093,826 |S4, 853, 882 


7 1 : 7, 589 


Mexican Cession: 


311,000 
29,121,000 

250, 000 
2, 279, 000 


1 . 
3, 697, 106 


22,131,778 

214,658 

1.777.927 


288, S69 












1 




California 

New Mexico... 


4, 396, 566 
1,126,000 


1,351.975 
554, 752 


2, 857, 694 
821,819 


824, 705 
355,011 


1,943,000 
392,000 


1,477,771 1 1,088,087 
229,994 1 223,394 

1 


079. 775 
110, 397 


Utah 




169, 180 




106. 583 


i, 059, 666 1 9is,2ii j . 


404,014 


Total 




37, 444. 934 


25.454,577 


22. 187, 614 


6,261,000 | 2,075,907 


4,181,812 


1, 2S6, 329 


3, 394, 000 


2,625,979 j 1,893,658 


1,194,186 






Oregon: 


1.370,000 
8,071,000 


3, 104, 629 


1 . 0(58. 931 


1,428,129 








1,093,000 
6,658,000 

3,497,000 


1, 349, 845 
3,282,770 

3,016,226 


634,056 
3, 329, 100 
1,643,652 


539,988 
1,345,936 

1,200,490 


Oregon 

Washington ... 


16,198,012 , 9,648,844 
25, 096, 661 


173,000 


317, 147 

in'., 1 in 


114, 205 


180, 774 
62,623 












22, 306, 000 


44,399,302 


16,851,802 


23,136,333 


173, 000 


423,287 


114,205 


243, 397 


11,248,000 


7,648,841 


5, 606, 808 


3,092,364 








3, 575, 000 




3,396,228 


11,973,384 


63,802,000 


81,962,910 


45,937,696 


38, 522.56S 


11,059,000 J28,278,232 j 6,0S2,692 


8.4S3.470 






Grand total .. 

rota] United 

States 


223,043,000 
399,264,000 


368,861,074 


172, 483, 796 
334,773,678 


212, 669, S10 
323, 515, 177 


673,104,000 
1,489,970,000 


1,197,295,071 
2,105,102,516 


326, 453, 423 
754,433,451 


' 
751, 220, 034 


248,453,000 '349,646,878 98,437,010 
523,621,000 jS09,125,989 222,04S,4S6 


84,137,609 
208,669,233 


Per cent Louisiana 
Territory forms 
oi United States . 

Per cent grand 
total forms of 
United States 


41.02 
55.86 


50.48 
70.63 


■ 37.86 
51.51 


47.09 
65.73 


40.45 
45.10 


48.11 
66.88 


36.61 
43.27 


41.79 
47.12 


42.54 
47.45 


38.44 
43.21 


38.21 
44.33 


34.2 
40.32 



1901.] 



TERKITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



991 





No. 19.— 183S. Territory of Iowa Formed from that Part op Wisconsin Territory Lying Between the Mississippi and Mis 

Rivers. 




No. 20. — 1S4-"). Texas Annexed and Admitted \ \ State. 



No. 3 9 






992 



TEERITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
Statistics of States op the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[September, 







BARLEY PRODUCTION. 






EYE PRODUCTION. 




HAY 


CROP. 


POTATO 


CROP. 


STATES AND 
TEREITOKTES. 


Bushels. 


Value. 


Bushels. 


Value. 


Value. 


Value. 




1893 


1900 


1S93 


1900 


1893 


1900 


1893 


1900 


1894 


1900 


1894 


1900 


Lot isiana Pub- 
chase: 






Dollars. 


DoUars. 


17, 385 

119,343 

1,183.739 

1,245,377 


19,722 
39, lso 

1,922, 181 


Dollars. 
10,083 
1,672 

4S5, 333 
17:.: 243 


Dollars. 
14,200 
21, 319 
740,694 

S2O.067 


Dollars. 

2,192.021 
13, 406, 779 
2 1,318,990 
13,364,059 
761,856 

16,832,308 

3, 188,979 
- 1 1 6,689 
1,957,194 
8,210,679 
3, 618, 720 


2.022 933 
13,551 ' 
34, 043, 996 
18,34 . i 18 
172,839 

9,892,241 
19,237,704 

5, 138, 725 

8,153,574 
3,602,156 


DoUars. 

720, 133 
1,591,043 
5, 239, 870 
3,016,978 

358, 149 
2,270,782 
3, 174, 09 

276,150 
l ■: . 

19,597 

2''9 st;o 


/'i liars. 


Colorado 


11,599,066 
128,86) 


31 1,266 

11,708,822 
1,186,802 


183, 158 

3, 27 i 9 
60,! ■" 


157. 133 
1,332,264 
1,381,645 


1,627, s'.Si 




3, its. [88 
126 308 

2,590,817 

3,537, i '6 
1,547 

4,735,579 
753,061 

1, 1." 1,103 
'i.: "i • 


Mi souri 


9,268,011 

1 ,6 008 

2,841,853 
■J. 187,23] 


7,275,251 

201, 527 

1,998,840 
1,543,371 


13,064 

78,004 

285,287 

880,974 

7S7, 786 


. ": ! '. 
6,674 
96 733 

478,507 


1 : "_.. 
238, 541 


1,036, HI 
134, 198 


107,343 


435, 306 
68,594 


Nebraska 

North Dakota . 
South Dakota . 


91,648 

23, "'7 
83,655 


867,237 
83,990 

27. SOI 


317, 077 

7, 190 

30,952 


8 
34,436 
10 844 






















Total 


27, 699, 785 


27, 831, 091 


9.452,779 


10,110,981 


4, 929, 021 


5,938,226 


1,941,823 


2, 498, 955 


105, 582, 1G8 


129,449,893 


21,033,126 ' 25, 198,445 


Mexican Cession: 


298,971 

17,116,110 

33, 329 

280,923 

236,993 




155, 165 

7. L88 766 

168 54 

106, 647 












791.028 

30, 529, 647 

861, 165 

1. 199,002 

2,516,061 


648,970 

22,071,594 

765,676 

2,887,669 

1,053,347 


30,303 
682,507 
37,080 

76, 1S5 

'_'!.. 116 






14,856,170 
31,204 


6,388,153 
19, 346 


504,000 


502,580 


302,400 


291, 196 


1, 177. 657 












153 1 i ' 


Utah . 


217,686 


119,727 


42, 769 


. 59, 202 


20. 101 


30,785 


311 i 






Total 


17,966,826 


15, 105, 060 


7, G38, 763 


(',,527,220 


516,769 


561,782 


322, 601 


322, 281 


39,197,203 


30,427,256 


1,009,521 


1,963,459 


Oreoo: 


308,910 
975,096 

1,860,961 


399, 012 

905,9 - 

1,386,26/ 


163, 722 
390,038 

725, 775 


199,506 
380, 190 

540, 644 










2, 185, 587 

7, 527, 791 
i 642, 153 


4,284,170 
11,404,178 

8,011,664 


S59, 624 
539, 770 


321,518 

761. 109 

864,633 


m 


75, 506 


91, 040 
39, 169 


55,119 

21, 193 


57,364 
22,718 


Total 


3,144,967 


2, 691, 207 


1,279,535 


1,120,640 


110,568 


133, 209 


79,312 


80, 082 


15,655,831 


23,730,012 


1,629,750 


1,947,560 




39,977 


50.4C5 


21,786 


36, 292 


49,669 


64,630 


33,707 


43, 302 


4, 633, 684 


3, 732. 377 


1,113,314 


806, SS.S 






Ml total.. 

Total United 

States 


48,851,055 


45,677,763 
58,925,833 


18,395,863 
28,729,386 


17, 795, 139 
24,075,271 


5,635,927 | 6,697,847 
116 J 23,995,927 


2,377,343 
13,612,222 


2, 941, 620 
12,295,417 


165, 068, 886 
408, 578, 321 


115, 53S, 870 


21,845,711 

91,526,787 


30,216,352 
90, 811, 167 


Pi : c 'ill Louisiana 
Territory forms 
i i i Qited States . 

Per cent grand 
total tonus oi 
United States 


39.64 
69.92 


47.23 

77. 52 


32.9 

64.01 


42 
73.91 


18.56 
21.22 


24.75 
27.91 


14.27 

17.47 


20.32 
23.95 


22.53 
35.23 


29.06 

42.05 


22.98 
27.14 


28.08 
33. Si 



U'Ol.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



993 







No. 21. — 1846. State op Iowa Formed prom Southern Part op Iowa Territory. — Claim of United States to Oregon Territort 
Settled by Treaty with Great Britain, Terminating Joint Occupation by United States and Great Britain, Followed by 
Immediate Withdrawal of Latter. 




No. 22.— 1848. New Mexico and California Ceded to United States by Mexico on Payment op $15,000,000 and Assumption of 

$3,250,000 Claims of American Citizens Against Mexico. 



994 



TEEEITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[September, 





COTTON PRODUCTION. 


WOOL PRODUCTION. 


TOTAL VALUE OP ONE 

YEAR'S PRODUC- 
TION OF WHEAT, CORK, 
OATS, BARLEY, 


HORSES AND 


IULES ON FARMS. 


territories. 


Bales. 


Value. 


Pounds. 


RYE, HAY, POTATOES, 
AND COTTON. 


Number. 


Value. 




1888 


1899 


1S88 


1899 


1894 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1S30 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


Louisiana Puk- 
Arkansas 


597, 290 


669,385 


Dollars. 
25,283,293 


Dollars. 
24,298,678 


1, 290, 408 
8,861,: 28 
5,247,480 
i,472 
876,220 
3,015, Mi 
5,831,550 

2,421,522 

2,243,825 

127, 154 

! 

9,861,811 


411.3H3 

13, 303, 175 

3,813,186 

2, 165, 728 

475, 295 

2,761,809 

3. *20,768 

26, 020, 120 

2,448,462 

2,: i 328 

21,422,661 

21,549,231 


Dollars. 

53, 596, 762 
18,471,749 

172,536,075 
78, 693, 995 
32, 255, 001 
68,908,909 

121,704,71 1 
6, 384, 211 
57,429,605 
4,099,642 


Dollars. 

51, 207, 478 

22, 148, 17s 

165, 856, 213 

131,741,717 

39, 166, 103 

67,411,914 

98,231,102 

7,845,293 

106,314,862 

12,702,561 

13, 565, 862 

34,219,087 

4,489,842 


316,979 
145, 835 

1,137,616 
821,032 
219,435 
406, 195 

1,019,866 
218,945 


376, 721 
154,293 
1, 010, 621 
815,262 
237,751 
467,921 
889 623 
147, 659 
702,683 
187,286 

59, 910 
294,468 

72,312 


Dollars. 
19, 655, 643 
127, 804 
82,967,074 

53,317,337 
1 1.. VIII, 635 
31,771,171 
62,887,089 
' i 262 
41,827,953 

o 


Dollars. 
14,165,924 
1, 167,908 












50,519,680 












30. 5 


ma 


446, 77s 


699, 476 


18,904,054 


25, 670, 000 


11,066,025 
746,621 












32, i ,039 












.26,702 












30,51 ., 179 












9, 167,646 












1,564,077 












39, 122, 781 

3,848,580 


0) 

144,450 


5, 765, 981 


11,566,937 












1.426,769 














Total 


1,044,068 jl, 363,861 


44, 1S7, 347 


49,968,678 


61,871,357 


100, 396, 982 


670, 052, 024 


755. 200. 242 


5,331,418 


5,416,510 


352,349,067 


226, 549, 146 


Mexican Cession: 










6, 221 , 214 
26,27 .,158 
13, 389, 994 
U, 047,936 


7, 529, 565 
13,352,010 
16,093.424 
11. i92 903 
1 : i 16,981 


1,256,840 
64,780,879 

3, 013, 259 
4, 958, 399 
6, 748, 658 


937, 839 

48,288 1 1 

3, S87, 796 

2,734,648 

7, 059, 3S4 


35, 606 

■in.- : 

62, 693 
53,892 
143,454 


53,462 
370, 411 
86,482 
43, 428 
73, 325 


1,724,675 
27,012,480 
2, 052, 136 
3,008,864 
5,017,364 


1,455,815 












14, , 












1,793,268 












737,248 


Utah .. 










1,605,314 














Total 










68, 690, 345 


02,704,883 


79,758,035 


63, 90S, 351 


710,532 


627, 108 


33,815,519 


20,374,787 


Oregon: 
Idaho 










5, 788, 140 
19,853,552 


19,321,800 

18, 810, 192 

6,454,892 


4,711,920 
21,795,453 
14, 709, 870 


6,773,261 
23,039,068 
23,538,069 


139,569 
190, 156 
119, 901 


123,710 
189, 427 
172,861 


6, 889, 162 
8, 678, 634 
7,645,544 


2, 89". 314 












6, 727, 164 












6,809,489 














Total 










31,297,223 


44,586,884 


41,217,243 


53, 350, 3S8 


449, 626 


490,998 


22,213,340 


15,432,967 


Texas 


1,594,305 


2,438,555 


07,764,35.s 


92,187,133 


23, 529, 155 


14,485,225 


128.9S6.465 


158,785,414 


1,563,490 


1.386,187 


55, 870, 755 


32, 673, 448 


Grand total.. 
Total United 


2, 638. 373 


3,807,416 


111,851,705 


142,155,811 


185,388,080 

298,057,3S4 


222,173,974 
288, 636, 621 


920, 013, 767 


1,031,244,395 


8, 055, 066 
16, 544, 864 


7, 920, 803 
15, 623, 551 


471, 248, 681 
1,160,910,661 


295, 030, 318 
715,686,534 


Per cent Louisiana 
Territory forms 










20.76 
62.2 


34.79 
76.98 






32.2 
48.69 


34.67 
50.7 


30.35 
40.69 


31.65 


Per cent grand 
total forms of 
United States. . 














41.22 



















i Horses and mules on farms in Dakota Territory in 1890: Number, 313,237; value, $22,163,718. 



1901.] 



TEEEITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



995 




No. 23.— 1849. Territory of Minnesota Formed from Northern Portion of Former Territory of Iowa. 




No. 24. — 1850. Texas Cedes 123,784 S ii \m: Mii.es of her Northern Territorv co rHE United States fob the sum of $10,000,000. 



996 



TEKEITOKIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[September, 





NUMBER AND VALUE OF CATTLE ON FARMS 
AND RANCHES. 


NUMBER AND VALVE OF SHEEP ON FARMS 
AND RANCHES. 


NUMBER AND VALUE OF HOGS ON FARMS 
AND RANCHES. 


STATES AND 
TERRITORIES. 


Number. 


Value. 


Number. 


Value. 


Number. 


Value. 




1890 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


1890 


1S99 


1S90 


1899 


\:>"A Fur- 
chase: 

Arkansas 

Colorado 


916, 333 
1. n '. 196 
3,909,049 
2,580,237 

473,334 

2,290,047 
1,014,801 
1,726,441 

(') 


419, 422 
1,115,421 
3,442, 012 
2,867,224 

294,961 
1,237 003 
2,047,346 

2,206,792 

431,371 

879,200 


Dollars. 

9,554,729 
1? 588,763 
72,813, 16 1 
14,596,699 

5,783,555 
20, 119, 729 
38,566,403 

30, 706, 938 
C 1 ) 


Dollars. 

7,061,864 
81,682,202 
117,019 
85,400,1 '1 

5,001,1.11 
34,986,245 
55,849,636 
13,663 
7 ... 19,748 
12,1 B0,992 

8, 181,337 
27,643,227 
21,240,031 


269,484 

i, ,,816 
438,313 
115,082 

1,198,200 

1 
239,400 
( 2 ) 


108, 957 

619,476 

275.11S 
113,205 
419.21S 
597,619 
3,884,179 

S71, 110 
33,094 
381,882 

2, MO. 100 


Dollars. 

101,990 

3,778 281 

1,330,382 

870,271 

179,111 

800, 105 

2,506,754 

4,467,799 

503,338 

( 2 ) 


Dollars. 

181,795 
6,250,036 
2, 187,816 

179,203 
1,333,113 
1,854,711 
11,017, 171 
1,090,807 
i.i 1,683 
63,380 
1,257,156 
9,964,806 


1,663,275 
29,508 

5, 805, 000 

2,734,195 
706,947 
527,526 

5,096,000 
29, 254 

2, 309, 779 
C s ) 


1,280,120 

20,713 

3,408,2S1 

1,691,: ii 

796,498 

411,353 

2, 9 '.:>. Ms 

42,265 
1,353,671 
111,959 
8 1,891 
1 15, 469 
22,345 


Dollars. 

4,091,657 
ISO, 737 
34, 181,700 
15,256,810 
2,120,842 
2, 847. 586 
IS, 569, 824 
198,926 
12,985,579 


Dollars. 
2,982,680 
103,805 
19,590,800 


Kansas 

Louisiana 

Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

North Dakota.. 


8,1.21.950 

2,341,704 

■.\:U7,971 

11,696,028 

80 i, 1 16 

7,201 529 

680,712 

383 35 


South Dakota.. 
Wyoming 


l>) 


18, 676, 476 


1,017,373 


(■) 
2,249,921 


5,200 


31,424 


824,083 
133, 555 





17,433,011 


16,972,357 |296,298,818 | 504,040,015 


8,121,108 


12,154,432 17,791,063 


37,719,514 


19,383,253 


12,223,724 


93,157,603 | 56,5S3,3U 


Mexican Cession: 

Arizona 

I lalifornia 

New Mexico ... 

Nevada 

Utah 


620, 960 
966, 433 
1,403,732 
391 92 
479, 0S0 


381,861 
913, 753 

238,081 
336, 076 


9,398,350 
19,174,134 
15, 993, 662 
5,9; . 194 
7,168,926 


6,591,343 
25,289,377 

12,920,038 
5, 690, 740 
8, 269, 832 


698, 404 

3, 092, 736 

700, 986 

2, 055, 900 


1,024,430 

2,001,501 

3,973,439 

657,773 

2, 370, 983 


1,152,367 

8,409,190 
3,872,106 
1,323,882 
4,281,617 


2, 393, 5S1 
5, 710, 282 
8,622,362 
1,914,120 
6,150,330 


20. 110 
647,000 
22, 593 
19,232 
47,611 


23.2S6 
371,141 
30,204 
14,441 
17,808 


90, 630 
8,176,476 

133,010 
101,931 
326, S19 


89,418 

1,67 ;.', '7 

l: ; 503 

i 1 

332. 598 






Total 


3,862,131 


2, 519, 130 


57, 713, 266 


58,761,330 


10,583,146 


10,028,126 


19,039,162 


24, 7110, 675 


756, 606 


489, 880 


3,807,866 | 2,276.827 


Oregon: 


405, 997 
1 .1,45 

453,022 


397, 928 
637,4*3 
390,444 


7, 127, 576 
15,502,557 
11, 686, 510 


9, 727, 840 
15, 776, 111 
11,091,029 


187,357 
2,929,830 

673, 060 


2,658,662 

2,446,695 

790,217 


1,072,185 
5, 622, 344 
1, 545, 346 


7. 144,254 
6,532,676 
2,470,218 


31,000 
270, 164 
143, 411 


75,718 

216,430 
156, 74S 


155,000 441,438 




1,153,059 


Washington 


7'-:.. 692 


Total 


1,710,477 


1,425,805 


34,316,643 


36, 595, 280 


4,090,247 


5.895,571 


8,239,875 


16, 447, 148 


414,575 


418,896 2,093,951 | 2,197,521 


Texas 


8,011,195 


5,046,335 


75,227,682 


95,254,682 


4,752,640 


2,416,721 


7,239,696 


4,034,063 


2,321,246 


2,684,987 | 8,073,292 | 9,316,906 


Grand total .. 

Total United 

States 


31,016,844 
52, 801, 907 


25, 993, 627 
43, 902, 414 


163,556,309 
913,777,270 


694, 651, 937 
1,204,298,366 


27,547,141 
44, 336, 072 


30,494,853 
41,883,065 


52,309,796 
100,659,761 


- 1,591, 1"" 
122, 665, 913 


22,905,680 
61,602,780 


15,847,487, 
38,651,631 


107,132,712 j 70,374,565 
243,418,336 ,170,109,743 


Per cent Louisiana 
Territory forms 
of United States.. 

Per cent grand 
total forms of 
United States 


33.01 
68.74 


38.65 
59.21 


32.42 
50.73 


41.85 
67.68 


18.32 
62.13 


29.02 
72.81 


17.67 
61.96 


30.75 
68.14 


37.66 
44.39 


31.62 

41 


38.27 
44.01 


33.26 

41.37 



> Cattle on farms in the Dakotas in 1890: Number, 1,070,636; value, 817,783,874. 
= Sheep on farms in the Dakotas in 1890: Number, 266.329; value, $703,108. 
8 Hogs on farms in the Dakotas In 1890: Number, 476,569; value, $2,389,518. 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



997, 




No. 25. — 1850. State of California and Territories of Utah and New Mexico Formed from Part of Mexican Cession and Area 

Purchased from Texas. 










No. 26. — 1853. "Gadsden Purchase" Ceded my Mexico for $10,000,000 and Added to New Mexico.— Washington Territory 

Formed from Northern Part of Oregon Territory, 



998 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
Statistics of States of the Uxiox Organized prom Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[September, 





TOTAL NUMBER AND VALUE OF ANIMALS. 


GOLD PRODUCED 


SILVER PRODUCED 










STATE-; AND 
TERRITORIES. 


Number. 


Value. 


(COIKIKG VALUE). 


(COINING VALUE). 








1S90 


10IM)i 


1890 


1900'- 


1890 


1S99 


ISilO 


1S99 


1S0O 


1899 


1S90 


1S99 


Louisiana Pue- 

Arkansas 

Co] 

Indian Terri- 


3, 166, 071 
3, 073, 730 


:;, 175,754 


]'■ Bars. 
33,704,019 
31, 8i 


Dollnrs. 
24,392 263 
42, 50 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Tons. 

357,013 
2, 7C2, 503 

776,097 

2,017,788 


Tons. 
753. 173 
= 4,298,916 

1, 372, 703 
L62 74 
3,439,524 


Tons. 


Tons. 


4,1 "10,000 


25,9S2,800 


24,307,070 


29, 301, 527 


114, 275 


307,557 


Louisiana 

Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Nortb 1 


1 

2,370, 169 
9,604,11 i 

• 

P) 


6,484,406 

4,585,203 

-... j, 866 
1.701,01'.! 
3,1 B2,673 


92,619 
114,041,117 
22,1 

1 
31,70 I, 176 

P) 


189,617,661 
124,781,823 
18,5 8 576 

■ ! 

',411 

17,263 
1,033 
10,51 

41,191,403 
32,765,152 


















































891,910 
181 690 

SI, 632 


' 










2,442,162 

462, 033 

1,339 

26, 786 


2, 701, 620 
1, 336, 117 


' 


3,300,000 


4,760,100 


- 


20,S10,990 














88,222 


















South Dakota . 
Wyoming 


(?) 


P) 


3,200,000 




129, 292 


188,251 










1,669,970 


3,426,243 


















Total 


50,268,820 


46,707,023 1 759,596,551 


824,892,616 


10.650,000 


37,712,400 


44,799,998 


:.o,: ,7' s 


14,106,559 


22,039,267 


1,269,507 


8,491,566 


Mexican Cessiok: 

Arizona 

California 

New Mexico 


1,375,110 

6,01 3, HO 
4,581,754 

1 


4,709,484 
953, 723 


12, "(ill, 022 

57, : ; 

.22,030 . 
10,412,871 

16. 794, 726 


10, 530, 157 
47, 456, 708 
23, 169,171 

8,; ■ 

I K 35s 074 


1 '"10.000 

0,000 

850, 000 

2,81 0,000 


15,197,800 

584 100 

3,450,800 


1,292,929 

1 

1,680,808 

10,343,434 


1,090,457 










98,84 ' 
335, 515 


143,725 

903,707 












1 IS 












Total 


15,912,415 


13. 694, 214 


119, 375, 813 


106,203,619 


17 830,000 


•>i nl7.Rf!0 


20, 234, 342 


14,018,716 718,434 ! 1,749,261 




54, 148 


! ! 




Oregon: 


1,063,923 

4,241,608 

1,389,394 


3 261 018 
:.. I 1,98 
1,510,270 


14,243,923 

30, 951 
21,663,292 


20,5X19,846 

28, 91 ■ 
11,2 


1,850,000 

1,100,000 

204, 000 


1,889,000 

1,429,500 

685, 400 


4,783,838 
96,969 
90, 505 


4, 980, 105 
173,641 
330, 990 


54,' 923' 

1,128,294 


18 

77, 579 
1,812,394 




■'< 

,ugton... 








Total 


6,694,925 


8,261,273 


66,863,809 


60,672,916 


3,154,000 


4,003,600 


4,971,312 


5,4S4,736 


1,183,217 


1.889.991 


i 








16,6-18,571 | 11,534*,230 | 146,411,325 | 141,879,099 


| 6,900 


387,878 


672,323 


164,679 | 789,136 | 22,000 | 14.729 


Granrl total.. 

1 1 United 

States 


89, 524, 731 
165,285,573 


80,256,770 
140,060,661 


1,092,247,498 
2,218,766,028 


1,133,648,250 
2,212,760,556 


i 31,634,000 
32,845,000 


65, 741, 000 
71,053,400 


70,393,630 

70,485,714 


70,476,542 
70.80C, 626 


16,172,889 
140,882,729 


26,467,655 1 1,291,507 
226,553,564 | 16,036,043 


8,530,443 
24,683,173 


Percent Louisiana 
Territory forms 
of United States . 

Per cent grand 
total forms of 
United States 


30.41 
54.16 


33.39 
67.3 


34.24 
49.23 


37.28 
61.23 


32.42 
96.31 


53.07 
92.52 


63.56 
99.87 


71.05 

99.54 


10.01 
11.47 


9.73 
11. 6S 


7.91 
8.05 


34.4 
34. 03 



1 Statistics of swine for 1899. 

■ Including 85,889 tons anthracite in Colorado and New Mexico. 

s Total number and value of animals in the Dakotas, 1890: Number, 2,126,771; value, 853,040,218. 

* Wyoming, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. 



1901.] 



TEKKITOIUAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



000 




No. 27.— 1854. Unorganized Portion of Louisiana Purchase (then known as the Indian Country), organized as Territories 

op Kansas, Nebraska, and Indian Territory. 







No. 28.— 1858 1859. State op Minnesota Formed from Eastern Part of we Territor> of Minnesota (1S58).— Oj mitted 

as a State, and Eastern Part of Oregon Territory ^ttacheb ro Washington Territori L859). 

No. 3 10 



1000 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OE THE UNITED STATES. 



[ September, 



Statistics of States of tiii: Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 





PETROLEUM PEO- 
D IN— 


PCBLIC-SCTTOOL STATISTICS. 


STATES AND 


Pupils enrolled. 


Teachers employed. 


Total expenditure for 
public schools. 


High schools. 


Normal 


schools. 


TERRITORIES. 


Students. 


Teachers. 


S indents. 


Teachers. 




1S90 


1S99 


1S90 


1899 


1S90 


1899 


1S90 


1899 


1S99 


18(19 


Louisiana Pu b- 

i 


Barrels. . 


Barrels. 


223, 071 
65, 190 


301,387 

108,816 


5,010 


7,073 


1,016 776 
1,681,379 




! 

14,385 

3,1 

13,374 

1,045 
14 269 

2,118 

•J 


193 
25 1 

35 
1,149 

547 
222 

647 
1,044 

52 
5 : 

64 

23 
104 

21 


529 
569 


39 

25 


i o\ Pad ■■ 




390, 278 








493, 267 
399, 322 

16, 980 

24 1 

35, 543 


370,240 
196,169 

668,018 

277, 765 

85, 635 
98,540 
13,012 


26, 567 
2,676 

10, 555 
1,982 


28,694 

L157 

11,250 
13.7S2 

9,192 
3,637 
2, 182 

1 , 806 
536 


( as . 

S17, 110 
4, 187, 310 
5, 134 262 

3,376,332 


1, 126, 112 
5,172,110 

3 i ..... , 

1,605,623 
213,291 


1,664 

2,032 

445 

2,190 

130 
2,249 
413 
2 
626 


170 


Kan: as 

ma 


L,2I 


69,700 


87 
25 


Miss iuri 


278 


1132 


85 
8 








i i 
20 








9 








7,052 


4,610 
259 


1, 199, 630 
2 225, 000 


30 


















Total 


370, 320 


465, 670 


2,580,495 


3,161,112 




102,202 


30,284,752 




113,847 


4,937 


15,843 


02.3 


Mexican Cession: 






7,989 
221,756 
18,215 

7,387 
37, 279 


15.S98 

253,397 

27, 173 

7, 348 

71,906 


240 

5,434 

= 476 

251 

680 


373 

8,157 

706 

314 

1,419 


IS 1, 914 

000 

394, 685 


6, 164, 053 
154, 5 ! 

991,973 


182 
13, 797 

"..'J 

423 

2,034 


10 
762 
25 
19 

100 


182 

1,804 

35 


6 


California .... 


307, 360 


2, 642, 095 


79 
4 
















664 


33 










Total 


307,360 


2, 642. 095 




375,722 


7,081 


10,969 


6, 010, 212 


7, 752, 941 


16,695 


916 


2,745 


122 


Oeegon: 






14,311 
63,254 
55,964 


32, 696 
88,485 
97,916 


497 
2,566 
1,610 


902 
3,693 

3,321 


169,020 
805, 979 
95S,111 


271,377 
1, L69, 126 
1, 795, 795 


524 
2,705 
3,503 


36 

111 
181 


151 
561 
322 


10 








31 








17 










Total 






133,529 


219,097 


4,673 


7,916 


1, 983, 110 


3,229,297 


6,732 


358 


1,031 


58 












54 


009,013 


466, 872 


552, 503 


10, 880 


14, 9S9 


3, 178, 300 


4,476,457 


17,564 


803 


1,154 


51 






Grand total.. 

Total United 

States 


677,734 
45,822,672 


3,776,778 
57,070,S50 


3,473,522 
12,722,5S1 


4, 308, 434 
15,138,716 


112,192 
363,922 


136, 076 

415, CC0 


41,406,401 
! 1 i. 506, 71E 


62,644,676 
197,2S1,603 


154, S38 
580, 065 


7,014 

28, 128 


20, 776 
68, 380 


856 
3,093 


Per cen t Louisiana 
Territory forms 
of United States. 

Per cent grand 
total forms of 
United States 


.81 
1.48 


.81 
6.62 


20.28 
27.30 


20. SS 
28.46 


24.61 
30.83 


24.59 
32.74 


21.55 
29.63 


18.85 
26.69 



























» Including Michigan. 



2 Estimated. 



[901.] 



TEUBITOBIAL EXPAtfSIOM OF TUK UNITED STATES. 



1001 



-' ' 




No. 29.— 1861. Territory of Nevada Formed from Western Part of Utah. — Territory of Colorado Formed from the Eastern 
Part of Utah. Western Part of Nebraska, and Northern Tart of New Mexico. — Dakota Formed from Northern Part of 
Territory of Nebraska and that Part of the Territory of Minnesota not Included in the State of Minm 




No. 30. — 1863. Idaho Territory Formed from the Fastern Part of Washington Territory and Western Part of P 

Territory. — Arizona Territory Formed from Western Part of New Mexico.— West Virginia Formed from Western Part 
of Virginia. 



1002 



TEERITOEIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Statistics op States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 



[Sjeptembeh, 





higher educational 
institutions, 1899. 


TOTAL OF ALL SCHOOLS AND EDUCATIONAL 
INSTITUTIONS. 


POST-OFFICES, JAN- 


NEWSPAPERS AND PERI- 


BILES OF 


liAII.MAY 


STATES AND 
TERRITORIES. 


Students. 


Teachers. 


Attendance. 


Teachers. 




ODICALS PUBLISHED. 


IN OPERATION. 




1890 


1899 


1890 


1899 


1890 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1890 


1900 


Louisiana I'ue- 
ciiase: 

Colorado 

IndianTerritory 


1,662 
2,065 

285 
7, 616 
6, 726 
2, 121 
4,109 
9, 925 

516 
3,392 

908 

446 
1,308 

140 


119 
320 

23 
555 
493 
186 
412 
1,193 

53 
362 

55 

29 
111 

14 


225, 659 

68,057 

1231 

515,516 

4ii,S5:: 

292, 099 

640,813 

17,653 

247, 396 
36, 151 


307,812 
117, 047 
7 v .s 
696, 569 
392,383 
201,770 
403,736 
7u:;.ssi 
36, 791 
297, 675 
69,768 
86, 675 
102.592 

13,534 


6,207 

2,639 

117 

27, 837 

12.868 
3,097 
9,619 

15,213 
679 

11,070 
2,033 


7,424 
3,893 
68 
30, 568 
13,610 
4,590 
12, 391 
16, 104 

1,199 
10, 181 
3,776 
2,243 
6,051 
571 


1, 424 

612 
■258 
1,750 
1,816 

811 
1,236 
2,300 

312 
1,009 

464 


1,885 

736 

511 

1,907 

1,673 

1, 155 

1,642 

2, 948 

475 

1,088 

616 

593 

692 

307 


198 
276 

18 
ST 
765 
173 
476 
849 

70 
610 
126 

30 
256 

35 


257 
336 

84 

1,073 

703 

192 

653 

1, 033 

92 
617 
155 
125 
267 

41 


2, 205 

4,291 

i 1,261 

8,416 

' 
1,740 
.5, 646 
6,142 
2 196 
5, 11 - 
2,116 


3. 088 

4,617 
1. 339 
9,114 

8, 749 
2,604 
6,770 

5 594 

3.765 


Missouri 

Nebraska 

North Dakota.. 


South Dakota.. 
Wyoming 


80,347 
7,311 


4,787 
278 


636 
201 


2,610 
1,003 


2, 825 
1,212 


Total 


40, 249 


3.925 


2, 670, 541 


:;,:;:. l.ii.51 


95,365 


111,689 




4,759 


6,61s 


61,823 


69, 324 










Mexican Cession: 

Arizona 

California 

Now Mexico ... 

Nevada 

Utah 


133 

5,728 
335 
331 

1,738 


16 
619 
41 
23 

82 


8,064 

240, 220 

18,513 

7,773 
38,375 


16, 395 
274,786 

8,102 
76, 312 


244 

6,604 
503 
278 
761 


405 

9,617 

776 

356 

1,634 


163 

1,334 

231 

146 

245 


212 
1,658 
312 
184 
339 


34 
668 
47 
25 
51 


54 

698 

62 

30 

77 


1,095 

4.5,51. 

1 389 

923 

1,265 


1,465 
6, 455 

1.788 
920 






Total 


8,265 


781 


312, 915 


403,427 


8,390 


12, 788 


2,119 


2,705 


725 


911 


9,022 


11,201 




Oregon: 


183 
1,686 
1,343 


19 
199 
130 


14,413 

66,15:: 
57, 314 


83, 554 
93, 437 

Hi::,0M 


509 
2,792 
1,694 


967 
4,064 
3, 619 


239 
607 
600 


424 

872 
831 


46 
146 
194 


70 
192 
221 


946 








Washington 


2^012 2[S92 


Total 


3,212 


348 


137,940 


230, 075 


4,995 


8,680 


1,S46 


2,127 


386 


483 


4,398 










5,108 


363 


476, 992 


576. 533 


11,394 


16,206 


2,159 


3,011 


542 


794 


8,710 








Grand total . . 


56, 834 


5,417 j 


3.59S, 418 


4, 540, 882 


120, 144 


149, 363 


IS, 523 


24,071 


6,412 


7,806 


73, 953 


86,042 


Total United 
States 


201, 569 


19, 896 


13,228,588 


15,988,729 


395,065 


466,777 


60, 140 


75,388 


18, 536 


20, 806 


166, 703 


190, 833 


Per cent Louisiana 
Territory forms 






20.19 
27.2 


20.83 
28.4 


24.14 
80.41 


23.92 
32 


21.48 
30.79 


21.52 
31.93 


26.67 
34. 59 


27 
37.51 


31.08 

44,16 




Per cent grand total 
forms of United 
States 

















i Includes Oklahoma. 



1901.] 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OE THE UNITED STATES. 



1003 




No. 31. — 1S84. Montana Territory Formed from Northeastern Part of Idaho Territory. — Additions Made to Nevada in 

1864 and 18G6. 








n r (hinnJ '-y~ 
[ \ 1 



No. 32. — 1867. Alaska Purchased from Russia fob the mm of {7,200,000. 



1004 



TE1UJITOEIAL EXPANSION OP THE UNITED STATES. 



[Septe.m eer, 



Statistics of States op the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

BANKING STATISTICS. 





NATIONAL BANKS. 


TOTAL RE 
NATION 
PRIVATE, 
INGS BAN 


.OHKCES OF 


ffTA rES AND 
TERRITORIES. 


Number of banks. 


Capital stock.i 


Total individual 
deposit^. 1 


Loans and discounts.' 


Circulation. 1 


AND SAV- 
KS. 1 




1SS0 


1900 


1S80 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1S90 


1900 


1890 


1900 


1890 


1900 


ri-R- 
i 

^Territory 


9 

46 

2 

139 

159 

19 

60 

79 

25 

135 

29 

3 

39 

11 


7 

30 
196 
110 
21 
S3 
67 
21 
110 
27 
24 
28 
14 


1,530 

3,315 

1,9.48 

2 10 


1,070 
1 317 
8,417 

17. 950 

i 


2, 235 
61 

1 1 . > ! 
45,011 

4,075 
2,694 


3,102 

13, 360 
6,081 


4,009 

i 12 

17,415 
41,080 

13,451 

4,145 

4,909 


2,869 

2,876 
50,593 

18,441 
44, 965 

9,134 
31,716 

5,416 

, 302 
3,180 


256 
1,164 

13 
2, 067 

1,517 

1,929 
546 

2, 340 
158 
3-1 
580 
262 


240 

6,915 

1,764 

::. 191 

717 
3, 948 
435 
327 
619 
353 


7,687 

239 

78,046 
10,342 

2 
3 • 

15,175 

6,172 


12,012 

4,821 

23,1 ! 


Louisiana 

Minnesota 

h Dakota.. 

Oklahoma 

kota.. 
I % 


i 

■ T 

137,998 

302,! 1 1 

32,217 

103,097 

l.; 303 

21 , 13 
7,864 


Total 


755 


777 


9S, 263 


SO, 126 


210, G09 


329,699 


269,016 


317,563 


15, 644 


36, 596 


746, 903 


1,099,111 






MSXICAK Cession: 

New Mexico ... 

Nevada 

Utah 


2 

37 

9 

2 

10 


5 

38 
9 
1 

10 


150 

8, 175 

975 

282 
2,060 


400 

10,998 

710 

82 

1,600 


293 

2, 301 

245 

4,442 


2,076 

433 
5,072 


204 
20 168 

I 
4,926 


1,328 

1 

351 


33 

1,188 

249 

63 
301 


1ST 
3, 858 
: 

20 
930 


1,258 
262,643 

4. 732 
1, 320 
14, 791 


5, 624 

387, 583 

7,668 

2,670 

42. 736 






Total 


00 


63 


11,912 


13, 790 


25,517 


46,334 


28,569 


40,189 


1,834 


5,4-53 


284,744 


446,281 






OREGON: 


7 
37 
51 


9 

27 
31 


400 
2,875 
5,327 


3,230 


1,398 
9,813 
14,341 


11,782 


1,088 
11,060 
15,106 


1,367 

7. 573 
12,188 


93 

590 

1,065 


178 
958 
936 


2,695 
23,699 
32,992 


6,144 




. 23,517 


Washington 


13,216 


Total 


95 


67 


8, 702 


6,170 


25, 582 


36, 515 


27,254 


21,128 


1,748 


2,072 


59,286 


72, S77 






Texas 


189 


223 


2! ' 227 


19, 619 


30,450 


49, 749 


48,814 


56,453 


3,821 


7,177 


83,099 


103,418 


Grand total .. 


1,099 


1,130 


141, 134 


119,705 


298,158 


462, 297 


373,653 


435,333 


23,047 


61,298 


| 1,174,032 


1,721,687 



1 In thousands of dollars. 



1901. 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OE THE UNITED STATES. 







No. 33. — 186S. Wyoming Territory Formed from Eastern Part of Territory of Idaho. 




No. 34 1889-1890. Dakota Territory Divided and States of North and South Dakota Admitted (18S9). — Oklahoma Territory 
Formed (1890) FROM Tart of Indian Territory and Unorganized ] North of Texas. 



100(5 



TEBKITOBIAL EXPANSION OF THE EXITED STATES. 



[Sbptembeu, 1901.] 




Library of Congress 
Branch Bindery, 1902 



bHsbsss 









LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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